Journal: NPJ Science of Food

Article Title: From rosemary and coffee to bioactive nanovesicles: exploring new frontiers in food functional ingredients

doi: 10.1038/s41538-026-00723-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of the effects of the RVs and CVs on H 2 O 2 -induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA production levels in fibroblast BJ-5TA cells ( A , B ) and differentiated C2C12 ( C , D ) cells. The data points represent the averages ±SD of three independent experiments in duplicate. All data sets were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference ( p < 0.05) between different treatments. Control: untreated cells. RVs: rosemary vesicles; CVs: coffee vesicles. 7.8 ×10 6 vesicles/mL and 39 ×10 6 vesicles/mL correspond to 0.1 and 0.5 mg nanovesicles/mL.

Article Snippet: hTERT-immortalized human skin fibroblasts BJ-5TA cell line was bought from ATCC (ATCC (CRL-4001 TM), from LGC Standards, Milan, Italy), cultured in DMEM high glucose and Medium 199 (4:1 ratio) with stable L-glutamine supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin and incubated at 37 °C under a 5% CO 2 atmosphere.

Techniques: Control